HERGÜN OKULA GİTMEK , HERGÜN ERKEN KALKMAK , YAŞADIĞIMIZ ŞEHİRDEN BAHSEDERKEN, BU KALIBI KULLANIRIZ. İkinci bir kullanım şeklinde doğruluğu kabul edilmiş durumlar. Milliyetimizden mesleklerden bahderken ben Türk üm İngiliz im , Öğrenciyim , Doktorum derken genel olarak doğruluğu kabul edildiğinden Simple Present kullanılır.

--> I work in Ankara (Ankara da çalışıyorum , işe hergün Ankarada gittiğinden bahsediyor

--> The Simons sisters are both very snob (her iki kız kardeşte çok ukala)

è I am English (and I always will be English).

I am DOCTOR

I Get up 7 o’clock every morning

The simple present is used to express general truths such as scientific fact, as in the following sentences (doğru olduğu her zaman bilinen bilimsel ve coğrafi gerçeklerde de bu zaman kalıbı kullanılır)

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (güneş doğudan doğar ve batıdan batar)

The simple present is used to indicate a habitual action, event, or condition, as in the following sentences (yapması alışkanlık haline gelen durumlar)

--> My grandmother sends me new clothes each spring

2. Spelling rules for adding s in the third person singular

Some verbs change their spelling when s is added in the third person singular.

a. Verbs ending in y ( sonu Y harfi ile biten filler )
The English letters a, e, i, o and u are generally referred to as vowels. The other English letters are generally referred to as consonants.

When a verb ends in y immediately preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to ie before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the consonant immediately preceding the final y is underlined.

Bare Infinitive

Third Person Singular

study

studies

fly

flies

carry

carries

However, when a verb ends in y immediately preceded by a vowel, the y is not changed before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the vowel immediately preceding the final y is underlined.

Bare Infinitive

Third Person Singular

say

says

enjoy

enjoys

buy

buys

b. Verbs ending in o
When a verb ends in o, the letter e is added before the s ending. For example:

Bare Infinitive

Third Person Singular

do

does

echo

echoes

go

goes

c. Verbs ending in ch, s, sh, x or z
When a verb ends in a sibilant sound such as ch, s, sh, x or z, the letter e is added before the s ending. For example:

Bare Infinitive

Third Person Singular

pass

passes

push

pushes

watch

watches

fix

fixes

buzz

buzzes

3. Pronunciation of the es ending

Bare Infinitive

Third Person Singular

pass

passes

push

pushes

catch

catches

mix

mixes

4. The auxiliary Do

With the exception of the verb to be, verbs in modern English use the auxiliary do to form questions and negative statements in the Simple Present.
The Simple Present of the verb to do is conjugated as follows:

I do

you do

he does

she does

it does

we do

they do

Auxiliaries are verbs which are combined with other verbs to form various tenses. It should be noted that when an auxiliary is combined with another verb, it is the auxiliary which must agree with the subject, while the form of the other verb remains invariable.

When the auxiliary do is combined with another verb, the other verb always has the form of the bare infinitive.

a. Questions
In order to form a question in the Simple Present of any verb other than the verb to be, the Simple Present of the auxiliary do is added before the subject, and the bare infinitive of the verb is placed after the subject. For example:

Affirmative Statement	Question
I work.	Do I work?
You work.	Do you work?
He works.	Does he work?
She works.	Does she work?
It works.	Does it work?
We work.	Do we work?
They work.	Do they work?

b. Negative statements
In order to form a negative statement, the Simple Present of the auxiliary do followed by the word not is placed before the bare
infinitive of the verb. For example:

Affirmative Statement	Negative Statement
I work.	I do not work.
You work.	You do not work.
He works.	He does not work.
She works.	She does not work.
It works.	It does not work.
We work.	We do not work.
They work.	They do not work.

In spoken English, the following contractions are often used:

Without contractions	With contractions
do not	don't
does not	doesn't

c. Negative questions
To form a negative question, the Simple Present of the auxiliary do is placed before the subject, and the word not followed by the bare infinitive is placed after the subject. However, when contractions are used, the contracted form of not follows immediately after the Simple Present of the auxiliary do. For example:

Without contractions	With contractions
Do I not work?	Don't I work?
Do you not work?	Don't you work?
Does he not work?	Doesn't he work?
Does she not work?	Doesn't she work?
Does it not work?	Doesn't it work?
Do we not work?	Don't we work?
Do they not work?	Don't they work?